Rooms and University Essay Example for Free

Rooms and University Essay My first day at University is a significant and important day in my life. I was standing by all the late spring in 2011 to enter at the college at January 2012. That day I was so energized at just as I was apprehensive in light of the fact that it was my first day in the college and I didnt know any individual. In any case, toward the end my first day in the college was superb. I had no clue about how to show up to my study hall and which room will be our study hall. So I needed to ask to the gathering, where I was going to take classes. This individual was pleasant and disclosed to me the correct course. I strolled to the structure, and when I showed up I saw a few people and I felt abnormal. I come up to one young lady and I requested the study hall and I found that she is my dear companion Shima from my school and school level and we were in a similar gathering and I felt less anxious and agreeable . At that point we went to the study hall. At the point when we started our classes, our teacher initially presented herself and afterward we present our self in the homeroom. At the hour of presenting every one of our colleagues hushed up, no one talked. I drew closer with two different young ladies they were totally obscure to me. I presented myself, at that point they did likewise and we started to find out about one another, similar to where we were from or what we did. From that point forward, we spent the remainder of the day together until we needed to return home. I generally recall this specific day, the explanation for it, it allowed me to meet with new individuals and making new companions. From my perspective, it isn't unexpected to be anxious in the main day at college in any case, there was an upbeat consummation. So I think my first day at college was a phenomenal day and it will be a noteworthy day in my life as said before.

6 signs your job is ruining your mental health

6 signs your activity is destroying your psychological well-being Above all else, the majority of us go to work to bring in cash. In a perfect world, in addition, you like what you do. What's more, there may even be social advantages to going to work each day in the event that you additionally appreciate being around your colleagues. On the off chance that your activity checks those containers, fantastic! On the off chance that it even checks only one, you may be doing okay. In any case, on the off chance that you can’t ponder your present circumstance, you may need to make changes. Work ought not be a spot that causes you to feel awful constantly. However this is what befalls numerous individuals who must persevere through harmful work circumstances that are harming them intellectually. On the off chance that this is transpiring, the time has come to get another line of work or make progress toward another circumstance. Here are six notice signs that it’s time to roll out an improvement. 1. You can’t force yourself to go to wo rkWhen you get up in the first part of the day, do you feel just as your appendages weigh 1,000 pounds and you basically can't haul them up? Does venturing foot in your office fill you with squashing tension, EVERY single day? Do you take vacation days just in light of the fact that you can’t force yourself to go into work? These are for the most part extraordinary, huge, blazing admonition flags that something is horrendously off-base at work, and it’s unleashing destruction with your emotional wellness. Without a doubt, for the vast majority it’s not regular to bound up with an enormous grin all over prepared to take on the day (how fortunate if that’s the case!), yet on the off chance that work fear plagues you each morning, that’s not the norm.2. You can never truly leave workIf you get no opportunity to escape a non-work mentality, you’re not carrying on with a healthy lifestyle. When you’re home with family or companions, do you despite everything have your telephone associated with work email and appended to your palm so you can manage customers or collaborators? Is it accurate to say that you are consistently available to come in to work? Do you not get the chance to take a break when you’re in the workplace to take a 15-minute stroll to get some lunch or a much needed refresher? Assuming this is the case, that is certifiably not a solid method to carry on with your life, and you most likely need to roll out some extreme improvements. Everybody merits downtime, regardless of what you accomplish for a living.3. You don’t need to associate at workFrom Monday through Friday, the normal grown-up spends half of their cognizant existence at work, so it is imperative to coexist with the individuals you invest energy around all week, even just on a genial level. In any case, if things are awful busy working, conversing with or in any event, taking a gander at your associates may cause you to feel d ebilitated to your stomach. That is certifiably not something to be thankful for, and an extremely clear marker that your activity is making you profoundly unhappy.4. You’re neglected and ignoredSome individuals like to go under the radar at work, yet there is a genuine drawback to continually being disregarded or overlooked: you don’t get the awards for an occupation very much done that you merit, and you may even get disregarded when it comes time to get raises or advancements. Incessantly neglected representatives may begin to feel like they don’t even exist, which can place them into an amazingly undesirable attitude. Nobody needs to feel as though they don’t matter.5. Your activity fills you with guiltSometimes we don’t consider the outcomes of a specific activity when initially tolerating it†¦ we simply need to work, whatever that may be. But in the event that you are working for an organization that submits the unconscionable-natural harm; human rights infringement; misanthropic, homophobic, or bigot works on; selling risky items; rewarding laborers like sub-people; supporting corrupt or unscrupulous philosophies; deceiving general society basically going to work may fill you with a dreadful feeling of blame. In the event that that’s the case, it might be an ideal opportunity to discover another chance. We as a whole need to take care of the tabs, yet you’ll need to stay consistent with your ethics if what your organization does is adversely influencing your perspective. In the event that you can’t look yourself in the mirror, your emotional wellness will suffer.6. Your own life is sufferingA hopeless occupation may cause you to feel hopeless during work hours. A totally unsatisfactory one will spill into your own hours. You may get snappy with your life partner or children at home. You may never be in the state of mind for closeness. You may invest all your free energy resting, crying, scow ling, or essentially pondering work. On the off chance that you feel awful consistently as a result of your activity, there is no doubt that your activity is destroying your psychological wellness and you have to make some positive move.

Balancing Identity and Privacy - Growing risks and concerns about Essay

Adjusting Identity and Privacy - Growing dangers and worries about informal communities. Report - Essay Example In any case, intrinsic in such change is the basic need to focus for security of the character. The period of anonymous business exchanges has went with itself the need to take genuine gander at the character of an individual. Character has become a database passage which would now be able to be separated from any physical acknowledgment. It tends to be purchased and sold like a ware and is dependent upon burglary and across the board abuse. This report will investigate the repercussions of across the board web based life on business and society in general. Blogging and Tweeting are terms utilized in the realm of internet based life and they additionally turning out to be standard to business jargon. In any case, such terms are tip of the internet based life ice shelf. Organizations like Twitter, Facebook, YouTube and LinkedIn are currently changing the standards of how organizations are getting along business. In 21st century online life is changing the workplace of the organization. The representatives and managers are presently rehearsing greater adaptability alongside the capacity to react to such conditions rapidly. For some organizations web based life is a shelter which can be utilized to connect with huge objective clients in a savvy way. Yet, they are additionally investigating the hazard included like robbery, digital harassing, extortion, slander and attack of protection. Many accept that web based life has a corporate worth and is basic to the achievement of advertising endeavors. Numerous senior administrators accept that t here are numerous potential dangers which are included while utilizing online networking. As per them the essential dangers incorporate revelation of restrictive data, outdated data, recognizable data and misrepresentation (Jagatic, Johnson, Jakobsson and Menczer, 2007, pp. 94-100). The nearness of Social Media has changed the manner in which individuals convey and collaborate with one another. Be that as it may, the universe of internet based life has made an entirely different universe of security, protection, licensed innovation, business rehearses and legitimate dangers. Security hazard alludes to the procedure

My Personal Goal Statement in Accounting and Finance free essay sample

Article surveys - Assignment Example The creator concedes that innovation has figured out how to produce a long chain of informal organizations however laments that the way of correspondence in those connections has not been as powerful as before. Recently, individuals convey by means of email and telephones even to the nearest ones who they ought to associate with vis-à-vis, for example, family and dear companions. An example is where a kid composes a demand note and sends it to the parent’s email. It shows the separation that has obviously been brought by new correspondence mediums. Families have split away from the conventional frameworks and societies where they could accumulate around a table for supper as they talked about issues influencing them. These days, an individual simply needs to go behind a PC and offer their issues on the web. The creator is, in this way, speaking to the network to desert the incapable innovation supported correspondence and reincorporate the customary strategies that upgraded connection. To unravel this, it is all together for a portion of the conventional social methods of cooperation to be returned to and reintegrated once more into the cutting edge life. The people group should mov e from advanced connections to genuine eye to eye interchanges. The writer, in this article, investigates a portion of the negative impacts data correspondence innovation (ICT) has brought to learning. This article tends to this issue by giving a commonsense occurrence in which homeroom meetings have been intruded on significantly by the numerous electronic devices that understudies use to ride the web with. Freedman, acknowledges the way that innovation is a genuine headway that has improved lives. In any case, the pattern of unreasonable web fixation has gotten more mischief than benefits study hall learning. A case is featured of a war that seethed on between the educator and an understudy wherein the instructor needed to crush the leaner’s telephone to show how much genuine he bigoted he was with the issue. The creator

Open Thread The Final Countdown

Open Thread The Final Countdown As you  probably remember, we are launching the new MITAdmissions.org soon! As in: this Thursday, midmorning. Right now, we are finishing up migrating over 5,491 old blog posts. Also, our venerable blogging platform, ExpressionEngine, is, like my moms 16 year old minivan with 250,000 miles on the odometer, finally showing its age, and throwing some bugs that are making it hard to blog right now. So, in order to not have to migrate n + 1 blog posts, and avoid throwing our laptops collectively into the Charles in frustration over these EE bugs, this post is going to carry us through launch as an old-school  open thread. We decided this the worst idea and therefore the best idea. Join the bloggers in the comments below and experience the Internet as it was before group chats: a  noble tradition  of infinitely long, rambling, nothing-is-offtopic-because-everything-is-offtopic asynchronous discussions with strangers on the Internet. Come post with us. You can use the Disqus login or comment as an anonymous guest. Just  dont be a jerk. That is all. Post Tagged #a noble tradition of posts #comments #crufty #everyone is dril #open thread

Social Media Facebook versus Instagram - Free Essay Example

Social media is a plethora of innovation and advantageous technology. Thousands upon thousands of applications lie at users fingertips, ready to be used to their full potential in communication and efficiency. Amid a myriad of social media applications, Facebook and Instagram stand out as two of the most established, and can be distinguished by their popularity, purpose, layout, and special features. The main draw of any social media application is its popularity, and Facebooks 1.2 billion users far outweigh Instagrams 500 million. In an unbiased sense, the numbers behind each application are mind-blowing and monumental. To be able to garner such a fan base is incredible, but Facebook seems to be the application that has dominated the social media market for years. Facebooks reach spans countries, in which people all over the world can identify its logo, and most likely own an account. Likewise, Instagrams logo is a familiar camera emoticon, and aids in reminding users the purpose for which it was created. Facebooks popularity stems from its idea of social connectedness, or, starting your own little social-media related community. Similarly, Instagram grew popular quickly after its release because of its aid in sharing strictly photographs with other people, as this was a newer idea at the time. Personally, I heard about these applications through my friend group, and immediately joined. Since Facebook was created first, I devoted a lot of my time talking to my friends and telling more people about this innovative application. I went on it almost every day in the beginning because my friends would send me something new to look at and comment on. In contrast, Instagrams reach, although spanning countries, has not achieved the same worldwide success. When it was first released, it did not spread as quickly as Facebook, but through aggressive advertising, this application was able to grow their fan-base. Now it is the second most popular application in the United States. Most social media applications have a defined purpose; Facebook and Instagram applications claim differing purposes in their build. On one hand, Facebooks main purpose is to aid in connecting friends, family, and the world all while allowing people to have a platform for voicing their opinions. For the most part, this main purpose of the software has been achieved, as with my Facebook account. I can efficiently see what my relatives and friends are posting and am able to keep up with their lives, even when I do not see them, or they live hours away. In contrast, Instagrams purpose was solely focused on the sharing of photographs; not opinions. Like the producers of Facebook, Instagram was made in hopes of it becoming a platform for people to share their creativity and uniqueness. These differing purposes didnt defer users, as many people have both an Instagram and Facebook account to experience the best of both worlds. With every innovation or advancement of these applications, the developers need to present a new, bolder and more intuitive presentation. Facebook has upgraded their layout far more times that Instagram has over recent years. Facebooks layout offers convenience and sleek organization. When logged into, it immediately brings up the feed from the individuals that you can follow, and from there you are able to simply click a button to like, share, or comment on anothers post. Furthermore, still on the main page in the right-hand corner are small emoticons that you can click on and they will link you to your messages, friend requests, and notifications. This appealing build is easy to use and simple in nature, all the while casting an appealing blue and grey color scheme over its contents. In contrast, Instagram presents is feed in order of the poster. This means that the pictures you might see in your feed do not appear in chronological order, but rather a mix of what the individual h as posted. I have found that this is rather annoying in the sense that I prefer to see the newest posts first, and older ones later. The special features of each application are what keep the users attention and entices them to focus on their product rather than others, Facebook has aggressively added new features while Instagram has stuck to its traditional framework. Originally, Facebooks only features were typing simple text box worth of comments and posting them for your friends to like or comment on. As times changed, users desires grew, Facebook has adapted accordingly. They now offer live video footage in which your friends can watch you enjoy a concert or complete a task. There are also groups you can now be a part of in which only your group can see what is posted depending on the nature of the group. Furthermore, there are also a Facebook Marketplace in which you can post about things you are willing to sell or hoping to buy. Although Instagram has added new features such as adding to your story, which is a photograph or video that disappears from your account after 24 hours, they have not changed as muc h as Facebook; they still use the original framework which although appealing to the eye, could be made far more efficient. Social media offers a world of powerful applications that are used in daily life. They are there to keep people connected, open, and curious. Just like any structured society, there are always those who garner more success than others, and these heavy-hitters in the world of social media applications are Facebook and Instagram.

Contrast and compare the two marriage proposals made to...

Hannah Gethin Contrast and compare the two marriage proposals made to Elizabeth Bennet in the novel: Mr Collins proposal to Elizabeth and Darcy s proposal to Elizabeth Jane Austen lived in a mercenary world and this is reflected in her novel. In Pride and Prejudice no secret is made of the need to marry for money. Jane Austen reflects different types of marriage in her novel. There is mercenary marriage, brought about solely for economic reasons. Such would have been the marriage between Mr Collins and Elizabeth. Mr Collins proposal was fuelled by his own economic motives, desire to please the aristocratic Lady Catherine and by Mrs Bennet s economic fears that Elizabeth will inherit little money when her father dies: not real†¦show more content†¦Not how violently he respects and admires her. Darcy s proposal is a complete contrast in its emotional conflict. The whole proposal is much more dynamic and there are clearly strong emotions and feelings involved. Darcy immediately tells Elizabeth he loves her. Wards are used such as, and agitated manner, the color rose, became pale with anger, painfully greater, these clearly demonstrat e dynamic, strong feelings. They illustrate the greater depth of feeling felt throughout Darcy s proposal than in that of Mr Collins . Mr Collins proposal was mainly fueled by the great convenience in Elizabeth marrying Mr Collins. However Darcy s proposal is very far from convenient. Although technically in the same class, Darcy is viewed to be much above Elizabeth in society and a marriage between them would not be viewed as idea. Mr Collins is following the rules in his proposal; talking to Mrs Bennet, saying what he is supposed to and attempting to please Lady Catherine. In contrast Darcy is compelled by his feelings to break the rules, by not doing what society expects of him. Mr Collins proposal was greatly fueled by Lady Catherine and his desire to improve his standing in society. However Darcy is fueled by his feelings to go against society and potentially decrease his social standing. Darcy s true love for Elizabeth overcomes all the sociable reasons for not marrying E. Darcy is a

What Products Use Carbon Fiber Today

Every day, a new application is found for carbon fiber. What started out forty years ago as a highly exotic material is now a part of our everyday lives. These thin filaments, a tenth of the thickness of a human hair, are now available in a wide range of useful forms. The fibers are bundled, woven and shaped into tubes and sheets (up to 1/2-inch thick) for construction purposes, supplied as cloth for molding, or just regular thread for filament winding. Carbon Fiber In Flight Carbon fiber has gone to the moon on spacecraft, but it is also used widely in aircraft components and structures, where its superior strength to weight ratio far exceeds that of any metal. 30 percent of all carbon fiber is used in the aerospace industry. From helicopters to gliders, fighter jets to microlights, carbon fiber is playing its part, increasing range and simplifying maintenance. Sporting Goods Its application in sports goods ranges from the stiffening of running shoes to ice hockey stick, tennis racquets, and golf clubs. ‘Shells’ (hulls for rowing) are built from it, and many lives have been saved on motor racing circuits by its strength and damage tolerance in body structures. It is used in crash helmets too, for rock climbers, horse riders, and motorcyclists – in fact in any sport where there is a danger of head injury. Military The applications in the military are very wide ranging – from planes and missiles to protective helmets, providing strengthening and weight reduction across all military equipment. It takes energy to move weight – whether it is a soldier’s personal gear or a field hospital, and weight saved means more weight moved per gallon of gas. A new military application is announced almost every day. Perhaps the latest and most exotic military application is for small flapping wings on miniaturized flying drones, used for surveillance missions. Of course, we don’t know about all military applications – some carbon fiber uses will always remain part of ‘black ops’ - in more ways than one. Carbon Fiber at Home The uses of carbon fiber in the home are as broad as your imagination, whether it is style or practical application. For those who are style-conscious, it is often tagged as ‘the new black’. If you want a shiny black bathtub built from carbon fiber or a coffee table then you can have just that, off the shelf. iPhone cases, pens, and even bow ties – the look of carbon fiber is unique and sexy. Medical Applications Carbon fiber offers several advantages over other materials in the medical field, including the fact that it is ‘radiolucent’ – transparent to X-rays and shows as black on X-ray images. It is used widely in imaging equipment structures to support limbs being X-rayed or treated with radiation. The use of carbon fiber to strengthen of damaged cruciate ligaments in the knee is being researched, but probably the most well known medical use is that of prosthetics – artificial limbs. South African athlete Oscar Pistorius brought carbon fiber limbs to prominence when the International Association of Athletics Federations failed to ban him from competing in the Beijing Olympics. His controversial carbon fiber right leg was said to give him an unfair advantage, and there is still considerable debate about this. Automobile Industry As costs come down, carbon fiber is being more widely adopted in automobiles. Supercar bodies are built now, but its wider use is likely to be on internal components such as instrument housings and seat frames. Environmental Applications As a chemical purifier, carbon is a powerful absorbent. When it comes to absorption of noxious or unpleasant chemicals, then surface area is important. For a given weight of carbon, thin filaments have far more surface area than granules. Although we see activated carbon granules used as pet litter and for water purification, the potential for wider environmental use is clear. DIY Despite its hi-tech image, easy to use kits are available enabling carbon fiber to be employed in a wide range of home and hobby projects where not only its strength but its visual appeal is a benefit. Whether in cloth, solid sheet, tube or thread, the space age material is now widely available for everyday projects.

American Economy of the 1990s and Beyond

The 1990s brought a new president, Bill Clinton (1993 to 2000). A cautious, moderate Democrat, Clinton sounded some of the same themes as his predecessors. After unsuccessfully urging Congress to enact an ambitious proposal to expand health-insurance coverage, Clinton declared that the era of big government was over in America. He pushed to strengthen market forces in some sectors, working with Congress to open local telephone service to competition. He also joined Republicans to reduce welfare benefits. Still, although Clinton reduced the size of the federal workforce, the government continued to play a crucial role in the nations economy. Most of the major innovations of the New Deal and a good many of the Great Society remained in place. And the Federal Reserve system continued to regulate the overall pace of economic activity, with a watchful eye for any signs of renewed inflation. How the Economy Performed The economy turned in an increasingly healthy performance as the 1990s progressed. With the fall of the Soviet Union and Eastern European communism in the late 1980s, trade opportunities expanded greatly. Technological developments brought a wide range of sophisticated new electronic products. Innovations in telecommunications and computer networking spawned a vast computer hardware and software industry and revolutionized the way many industries operate. The economy grew rapidly, and corporate earnings rose rapidly. Combined with low inflation and low unemployment, strong profits sent the stock market surging; the Dow Jones Industrial Average, which had stood at just 1,000 in the late 1970s, hit the 11,000 mark in 1999, adding substantially to the wealth of many -- though not all -- Americans. Japans economy, often considered a model by Americans in the 1980s, fell into a prolonged recession -- a development that led many economists to conclude that the more flexible, less planned, and more competitive American approach was, in fact, a better strategy for economic growth in the new, globally-integrated environment. The Changing of Americas Labor Force Americas labor force changed markedly during the 1990s. Continuing a long-term trend, the number of farmers declined. A small portion of workers had jobs in industry, while a much greater share worked in the service sector, in jobs ranging from store clerks to financial planners. If steel and shoes were no longer American manufacturing mainstays, computers and the software that make them run were. After peaking at $290,000 million in 1992, the federal budget steadily shrank as economic growth increased tax revenues. In 1998, the government posted its first surplus in 30 years, although a huge debt—mainly in the form of promised future Social Security payments to the baby boomers—remained. Economists, surprised at the combination of rapid growth and continued low inflation, debated whether the United States had a new economy capable of sustaining a faster growth rate than seemed possible based on the experiences of the previous 40 years. --- Next Article: Global Economic Integration This article is adapted from the book Outline of the U.S. Economy by Conte and Carr and has been adapted with permission from the U.S. Department of State.

Constantine Gods Gift to Christianity - 1168 Words

Christians have been persecuted around the world for their faith during varying periods of time since the birth of the religion. Even today there are stories of Christians being killed or beaten severely at the hands of Hindu extremists in India or in places like China and North Korea. Yet Christianity thrives as the world’s largest religion. Persecution of Christians was especially brutal and widespread during the fourth century in the Roman Empire. Christians were tortured until they denied Christ or killed if they refused, their possessions, houses and buildings were confiscated and they were forced to observe pagan sacrificial traditions. Constantine the Great’s rise to power brought about tremendous change in Roman attitudes and laws from absolutely destroying Christians to accepting, protecting and even supporting the furthering of Christianity. Before Constantine became the sole ruler of the entire Rome Emperor â€Å"by the defeat of Licinius [in] 324†, he was the â€Å"sole Emperor of the West† (Ayers 277). Constantine’s predecessors, Diocletian in the West and Maximinus and in the East, were known for their brutality towards Christians. Under Maximinus, Christians were â€Å"burned at the stake, maimed, crucified, subjected to eye-gouging†¦ [and their] corpses were left lying in the streets for the dogs and vultures† (Johnson 163). Besides bring threatened with the loss of their own lives, Christians were also forced to watch as their possessions were confiscated. Eusebius sharesShow MoreRelatedIs Sunday the Sabbath? Essay980 Words   |  4 PagesGod changed the Sabbath from Saturday to Sunday. Sunday keeping was actually created by the man by the name Constantine. He was the first Roman Emperor to adopt Christianity. He changed the day of worship from God’s holy Sabbath day, Saturday, to Sunday. Constantine became a â€Å"Christian† after claiming to see in broad daylight a vision of a cros s above the sun. He wanted to unite Christianity and paganism in an effort to strengthen his disintegrating empire. He knew that pagans throughout the empireRead MoreReligion Of The World Essays1431 Words   |  6 Pagessinging, chanting, and sharing certain foods. The rituals bring the believers of any given religion together. I believe on Christianity. Christianity is the religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. It began in the Palestine and was proclaimed the fulfillment of Jewish teaching regarding the coming of the Messiah, promised by God to redeem man from sin. Christianity has been not only a religious force, but also a social and political one. Often it has been imposed by military power thatRead MoreChristianity Vs. 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Christmas time is a time of Giving in the same way as the time when Jesus was born, where the three wise men from the East brought gifts to the baby Jesus 4. Why would Jesus not be well received by the Sadducees and the Jewish patriots? The Sadducees thought Jesus was a problem because he might have lead a rebellion against the Roman empire, and the Jewish patriots might have feltRead MoreParadigm Shifts of Church History1486 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay is to discuss the six paradigm’s shifts as highlighted by Bosch. The six paradigms are; primitive Christianity; the patristic period; the Middle Ages; the Reformation; the Enlightenment; and the Ecumenical era[1]. Bosch’s title for the book is ‘Transforming Mission’. As described by Bosch in his foreword he talks about the title as ambiguous. â€Å"Transforming† can be an adjective used to describe â€Å"mission†. Mission can be understood as not the enterprise that transforms reality, but something

China’s Compliance with its obligations under GATT and WTO Free Essays

The history of China and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) dates back to 1948, when China became a contracting party after being among the 23 founding members of the organization. In 1950 however, the country under the Kuomintang government pulled out of GATT, but was later granted an observer status in 1982 after pleading that the pull-out was not done by a legitimate government. By 1986, China’s persistence to resume its position in GATT set a platform for talks with other member countries, which continued throughout the 1990’s. We will write a custom essay sample on China’s Compliance with its obligations under GATT and WTO or any similar topic only for you Order Now The country only managed to regain its membership in 1999 and joined the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001. By Joining WTO, China agreed to be bound by Subsidies and Countervailing Measures Agreement (SCM), GATT and Trade-Related Investment Measures Agreement (TRIMs) trade agreements. The entrance of China to the WTO was of great importance not only to the country, but to other world economies, which had observed the economic expansion of the country with heightened interests in the past decades. In 2000 for example, China was the world’s eighth largest importer and the seventh largest exporter of goods. The country accounted for $249. 2 billion in exports and $225. 1 billion in imports. In the commercial services sector China ranked twelfth in position at $ 29. 7 billion, while it was it was ranked as the tenth largest importer at $34. 8 billion (WTO news ). It was not however smooth sailing for the country and the other WTO signatories mainly because China is enormous in size and had a set trade regime by the time it joined WTO. As such, a change of the country’s legal and regulatory system in trade was required in order to ensure consistency with the WTO regulations. Although most countries supported the entrant of China to WTO, many observed that compliance for the country would not only need dedication, but also transparency. Sentiments regarding the hard task ahead for China were for example expressed by the United States’ Trade Representative, Mr. Robert Zoellick in 2002 , who said that since China had freely chosen its WTO obligations freely, other countries expected that the country would comply with all. Zoellick however agreed that meeting some of the obligations would not be easy for China, but would play a major role in ensuring that China was open to trade with the rest of the world. CHINA’S WTO OBLIGATIONS China took up obligations laid down in GATT, under the WTO by agreeing to non-discriminate and equally treat national trade from WTO member countries and also agreed to a adhere to the national trade policies as set out by WTO. First on China’s list of obligations under GATT/WTO, was the quota’s withdrawal requirement as earlier stated by the People’s Republic of China, under a protocol document. The country was also obligated to conform to the GATT 1994 agreement and the WTO agreement that addressed procedures involved in import licensing. Another obligation was the right to have enterprises in China trading in exports and imports as authorized under the customs territory of China. As such, China agreed to wipe out state import monopolies earlier maintained in the agricultural sector. In addition, china was required to subject all its imports and exports to rules set out under the WTO. More to this, the country was also subject to varying terms regarding price control restrictions and state trading (Vallera pp 2-3) GATT obligations included the prohibition of restrictions on imports specifically agriculture related imports. Another requirement under the GATT agreement related to giving imported goods equal treatment with the domestic products. In addition, the GATT agreement spelt out that fees or charges imposed on imports would be approximate to services rendered (Williams, Brett p 3) GATT Requirements GATT was a brain child of the United States, which first floated the idea of regulating 45,000 tariff rates in 1947 during an international conference held in Geneva (econ. iastate. du) . A year later, 22 other countries signed the trade agreement. Under GATT, a member country was to treat other signatory countries as a â€Å"Most Favored Nation† (MFN). The MFN treatment assured GATT member countries that non signatory countries would not receive lower tariffs than them. China was at war during the early years of the implementation of GATT, the discussions to rejoin GATT , which started in the 1980’s was further curtailed by the Tiananmen announcement , which marked halted Chinese interaction with the GATT member countries in 1989 (Skanderup p32) . On resumption of the talks in 1995, WTO had taken over from GATT and with the new identity came stricter requirements, which often led to stalemates of the negotiations. It was however, china’s realization of economic gains in terms of expertise, technology and capital gains from other countries that eventually convinced the country leaders of the importance of joining GATT/WTO. China was petitioning to be recognized as a developing country upon resumption to GATT/WTO. This was rightfully so because despite China being the largest economy among the developing countries, most regions in the country still registered very low GDP. Being recognized as a developing country allowed the country to enjoy special benefits under the agreement. Such included the elimination or reduction of tariffs on products from the developing countries; developed countries were also encouraged to avoid imposing tariffs and internal taxes on products from the developing countries. More so, the developed countries were alerted not to expect reciprocal trade from the developing countries (econ. iastate. edu). Compliance with WTO By the time that China was re-admitted to the WTO, the organization had 140 countries signed up for membership. The Bilateral agreement between china and the other member countries was therefore complex and long, such that the entire document was 900 pages and covered every aspect of trade as discussed. It was a consensus that China would implement some of the agreements in the 900 page document immediately, while others would be stretched over a five year period. Others still w ere expected to last the entire decade before China could finally reform its system entirely to match the compliance requirements. To aid the Chinese government in this, a WTO secretariat was appointed, with an assisting 16 subcommittees being mandated at monitoring the country’s progress and producing annual reports about China over an 8 year period of time (Skanderup, Jane p32). On its part, the Chinese government took up massive public education campaigns that sought to offer insight on what compliance meant. Local universities started offering degrees on international law, finance, foreign trades and trade. By the look of it, China had every intention to stick to the rule of WTO. Foreign governments, such as the United States government extended a helping hand and offered to create oversight bodies in Chinese state departments with an aim of ensuring that China complied with the WTO agreement. Transparency China did not always operate transparently in its trade dealings, regulations and decision making. As such, the WTO requirement signified a great shift in the country and so far, the country has done well in compliance with the GATT/WTO requirement’s on transparency. In this, China publicized trade related laws to improve how people accessed them. The most notable efforts were from the Ministry of Commerce, which adopted impressive policies with the aim of complying to the WTO transparency requirements (United States Trade Representative). However, there were complaints that China was not fast enough in its compliance. This was especially the case with short term goals that were supposed to be met within the first two years. In a 2004 review, it was noted that China had challenges with conforming to transparent practices especially with international set standards and value-added tax. In the six year period ending in 2007, China had eight dispute cases filed against it by other WTO members (Stewart et al p7) . Five of these cases were by the United States, while the European Union, Mexico and Canada had one case each. The eight cases were based on china’s non-compliance on Value added Tax, automobile imports, tax reductions and exemptions, trading rights, distribution services and intellectual rights on publication and audiovisual. The Transitional Review Mechanism is in charge of monitoring China’s progress and has raised these issues. Because of non-compliance, foreign and domestic business suffers frustrations when establishing businesses and often suffers from systemic uncertainties. Because of the language barrier, China still under the transparency requirement agreed to translate laws and regulations relating to trade into French, English or Spanish. The country also agreed to modify hundreds of its laws and regulations in order to become WTO compliant (USTR. gov) China also agreed to eliminate the local content requirement, foreign currency balancing requirement and export performance requirements from its laws. Allegations that China still manipulates its currency to date however abound. Intellectual Property rights China has been accused of not doing enough to ensure that the intellectual property rights are upheld in the country. Since joining the WTO, a 2007 TLAG report states that IPR infringement was at its worst in 2005 and 2006. To make it even worse, the report indicates that China had demonstrated no initiatives in trying to reform the criminal code in the country, which is the only way through which the country can enforce the protection of the intellectual properties (Stewart et al p11). Industrial policies China’s industrialized policies have always sought to protect local industries. This was meant to change after the ratification of the WTO agreement. However, complaints from other countries still abound pertaining to china’s protectionism measures over its auto part industry, export restrictions, regulatory interventions and subsidies on domestic industries. Subsidies China agreed to eliminate subsidies on exports and industrial goods. This was done under the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM), China further agreed to stop subsidies on state-owned enterprises especially because some of the state owned companies were not profitable and only aided in destabilizing trade. The SCM agreement only prohibited subsidies on a limited range of products, and imposed countervailing duties. Such compliance encouraged Chinese industries to become more competitive especially because they were exposed to market pressures from foreign investors. Discriminatory Safeguard By acceding to the safeguard agreement China agreed to steer clear of WTO inconsistent tariffs and quotas, except those allowed by the organization on temporary measures. Under this agreement, non-compliance by China would earn her penalties that would see other WTO members imposing tariffs and Quotas on Chinese products, while denying China the ability to counter such actions (Halverson, Karen). Trading and Distribution rights China has scored fairly well in this front. However, the complaints from other member countries allege that the country still impose restrictions to specific products. Among the cases highlighted are import restrictions on copyrighted materials such as periodicals, books, audio and audio-visual products. The 2007 TLAG report indicates that China is yet to fully comply with the direct selling requirement since it still restricts direct sales from foreign companies (Stewart et al p12). Agriculture China has largely complied with the agricultural requirements but this depends on the market situation. At times, the country employs selective market interventions that cause delays in agricultural shipments. In addition, the country sometimes applies scientific rationales with the intention of preventing some agricultural commodities from entering her market. Other complaints allude that China lacks a consistent and predictable regulatory administration, which is laden with capricious practices in the customs departments. The Chinese agricultural market also lacks predictability and transparency. China’s agriculture obligations included her commitment to avoid providing export subsidies to the domestic producers. China also was obligated to lift the meat, citrus products, corn and wheat bans. The country further had to implement some tariff –rate quotas that world provide sufficient market to farmers from signatory countries. Services- Arguably, this is among the sectors where China has scored the least points as far as compliance to the WTO commitments is concerned. Despite the initial promises made under the general Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS), China is yet to lift some of its restrictions in the services sector. As such, other countries still experience limited access to the Chinese services industry. Areas of concern between 2001 and 2004 remained the financial sub-sectors (insurance and banking), in a 2007report however, the United States lauded Chinas efforts to comply with the obligations (USCBC) . It confirmed that China has indeed complied with the insurance requirements by lowering the total assets to $200 million down from the earlier requirement of $300 million on foreign insurers. In the banking sector, the USCBC report further indicates that China has lifted geographic barriers earlier set on its local currency, which mad business challenging for foreign based financial institutions. China also allowed her nations to freely choose among foreign or domestic owned financial institutions. In addition, the country removed restrictions that hindered ownership and operations of financial institutions thus allowing more foreign owners to invest in the industry. Telecommunication sector was however dragging behind, with the report stating that although China had committed itself to lift geographic limitations on data services and mobile voice for joint ventures, China was yet to draft regulations on how to meet that commitment. Another requirement on the telecom sector yet to be met by China is her commitment to expand the geographical capacity of domestic owned telecom services by raising foreign ownership to 35 percent. The engineering, architectural and urban planning requirements were however met between 2003 and 2007 and foreign owned enterprises can now take part in integrated engineering, planning and architecture without the requirement of domestic partnerships. The country is also yet to fully comply with WTO requirements set on the express delivery sub sector (Stewart et al p13). Foreign owned enterprises can operate in courier services but restrictions on the scope of business that such enterprises can engage in still exist. Obtaining licenses for the foreign based firms remains a big challenge for many. China’s obligation in allowing foreign firms to operate in freight inspection and testing services were yet to be met in 2007 as their were restrictions on the scope of business that a foreign firm could engage in. In a 2005-2006 US-China Business Council’s (USCBC) report, China is said to have complied with the advertising requirements, which allowed foreign-owned enterprises to invest in advertising companies. China met this requirement in 2005 through the country’s ministry of Commerce Foreign owned business own and operate hotel and restaurant business in China, but have to abide by set regulations. In this sub-sector, China is yet to comply with the WTO requirements since foreign-owned enterprises are restricted on the amount of air cargo space they can book (USCBC). Tariff Reductions China agreed to reduce its tariffs on agriculture products to 15 percent, with average tariff level for industrial goods being set at 8. 9 percent. Tariff reduction obligations were scheduled for immediate, short term and long-term implementation. Trading Rights Trading rights are two way under the WTO agreement. They include the rights to I) other WTO member countries importing products and services to china, and ii) China exporting its domestic products to other WTO countries. In 2004, China enforced trading rights process that ensured that foreign nationals registering businesses in the country did so without any hindrances. This was a step that was lauded by many signatory countries, most notably the United States. However, some deficiencies in trading rights still existed. Such included commitments on pharmaceutical and books importations. Another deficiency noted in China’s compliance to the WTO trading rights requirement was the lack of liberalization of agreed trading rights. Such includes wholesaling services, retail services, franchising services, agent’s services and other related services. By 2004, China was yet to open its markets to allow foreign investors to practice direct sales or off-location sales. Among the notable compliances in the trading rights requirements was china allowing importers and exporters to conduct their businesses directly, without using middle men. Tourism In 2004, China took the first steps to complying with the WTO in the tourism sector by allowing foreign based firms to acquire joint ventures in China. It was expected that by December 2007, wholly foreign-based enterprises would be able to operate in the Chinese tourism industry. It was also expected that all branch restrictions, registered capital restrictions and geographical barriers would be lifted. The WTO requirements for China in the Tourism Industry were initially meant for Xi’an, Shaanxi, Shangai, Guangzhou and Beijing regions. In a 2004 report to Congress, the US lauded China’s progress in complying with the tourism, professional, education and environmental services (United States Trade Representative ) . CONCLUSION China’s compliance and non-compliance is widely a matter of government and industry protectionism. Whereas the private sector players may intentionally avoid adhering to the WTO rules, the government, which has the capacity to press the private industry players towards compliance does not apply the necessary internal pressure required to move the players. The spirit of WTO agreement that China exhibited on its entry to the WTO was already running out in the third year of implementation. Other issues that arise in the only communist country as it puts up measures that ensures compliance to WTO is the fear of the China Communist Party of loosing national support. This is especially likely because the income inequalities in China are on a steep incline, something that the locals blame on the market reforms under WTO and the expanded private sector (Halverson, Karen) Overall, China has received mixed rating for its compliance levels of the WTO requirements. The United States is among the biggest bilateral trader whose public holds mixed reactions on the role of China’s trade to the US under WTO. Some of the notable complaints from US investors include China’s continued protection of its steel and auto producers. Other claims allege that China uses her tax system to discriminate particular imports. Some export regulations in China also contravene the WTO requirements. Such include restrictions placed on raw materials, thus driving up production costs. Foreigners claim this is discriminatory since foreign investor’s ends up producing at higher costs, while the Chinese nationals operate at lower costs thus giving the former a market advantage. Eight years later after China joined the WTO; many member countries agree that it is the high time that the country took accountability for its obligations. This is especially so because most of its requirements were meant for accomplishment in the first five years. The United States is one such country, which is pursuing dialogue, dispute settlement mechanisms, legal action or a combination of all in order to ensure that China complies. How to cite China’s Compliance with its obligations under GATT and WTO, Papers

Ford and Global Batteries Corporation †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Ford and Global Batteries Corporation. Answer: Introduction: The decision that I made was to think differently about the purpose of business. After learning business ethics, I have gained a different viewpoint regarding the purpose of business. Previously, I used to think that businesses exist only to make profits for the owners. My view is now different. I currently believe that businesses should place ethics over profits. Ethics has become a more and more vital aspect of business practice and placing ethics over profits can actually pay off over the long term. Business organizations that work ethically would be able to outpace their competitors since clients would trust such companies. Corporate leaders should demonstrate ethical leadership by leading in a way that respects other peoples dignity and rights. They should ensure high standards of ethical and moral conduct rather focusing primarily on making profits. This is in line with my response for Online Commentary 3. Two companies that did not demonstrate ethical behaviour are Ford and Global Batteries Corporation (GBC) as demonstrated in the Ford Pinto case and GBC case. In the case of Ford, the company placed profits over ethics and produced faulty cars and one of these cars killed a woman. Ford used a utilitarian approach in making their decision and I do not agree with it. Global Batteries Corporation also put profits over ethics. Their unethical actions led to the death of many people after the plant exploded. What I learned from these two cases is that it is unethical for businesses to disregard ethics in their pursuit for profits. I now understand that organizations need to make a concerted effort, even in high pressure environments, to constantly focus on behaviours that are ethical. Ford and GBC do not have ethical cultures and that is why they engaged in ethical wrongdoing. In the past I also exhibited corrupt behaviour. The beliefs that I held that informed my practice to accept bribery and corruption include viewing these vices as acceptable and not wrong. I held these assumptions/views owing to my cultural background and my upbringing in Sri Lanka, where corruption and bribery are widespread and many citizens here do not consider it as wrong. On the whole, the fact that I was brought up believing that corruption and bribery are not wrong greatly influenced my views. The results from my Values Questionnaire diagnostic tool show that my highest preferences are Economic, at 89. This helps me to understand my behaviour to engage in bribery/corruption since for me to offer services or to receive a service in Sri Lanka, I would be more likely to give/receive a financial tip first as an incentive or motivator. While I may give a bribe, I may only do so not because I want to, but because I am forced to do by the circumstances. Otherwise, I would not since I am a very authentic leader as demonstrated by my Authentic Leadership Self-Assessment Questionnaire diagnostic tool in which I scored 68. I felt confusion, annoyance and anger regarding the decision to engage in bribery and corruption. I felt this way mainly because of a conflict between what I thought was acceptable and the ethical content covered in class regarding ethics. I was very frustrated after realizing that by engaging in bribery and corruption, I was in fact perpetuating these unethical vices. However, at the moment, I have a totally different perspective relating to bribery thanks to the ethical content covered in class. I now believe that bribery is a very unethical, bad and dishonourable thing to do. The content of this unit has allowed me to gain greater insight into ethics and behaviour. As a manager in the future, I will use this information to ensure that I always put ethics over profits, unlike Ford and GBC leaders/managers. I will uphold moral competencies and always uphold my highest moral competencies as demonstrated by my result in the Scoring the MCI diagnostic tool: admit mistakes and failures, keep promises, and tell the truth, in addition to other moral competencies. Furthermore, I will strive to use my position to develop and promote sustainable ethical culture within my organization, exhibit high moral standards, always act with utmost integrity, and conduct my work ethically unlike the leaders/managers of Ford and GBC. Conclusion: Being a manager in future will mean that all responsibility and accountability would be attributed to me. I will strive to avoid corporate wrongdoing and unethical actions as much as possible, and take responsibility for all my actions, unlike the managers/leaders at Ford and GBC. Similarly, when I am not to blame, I will attribute responsibility and accountability to the right person/people and rightly hold them morally responsible for their actions as demonstrated by my results in the Attributing Responsibility and Accountability Moral Praise and/or Blame diagnostic tool. I strongly believe that corporate leaders and managers are responsible and accountable for the decisions and actions taken by them. They should always uphold moral responsibility, and I will also do so when I am a manager in future. This is in line with my response on Online Commentary 1.

Caribbean Studies Essay Sample free essay sample

Natural catastrophes are defined as natural calamities which cause great harm by interrupting the operation of a society. Natural catastrophes are inevitable and omnipresent worldwide. Within the Caribbean. three chief natural catastrophes are hurricanes. temblors. inundations. The great amendss caused by natural catastrophes may be divided into two classs: societal and economic and environmental. However. this essay will turn to the societal and economic impact of these natural catastrophes on the Caribbean and how to cut down the effects of these catastrophes. In respects to the essay. Hurricanes ( with particular accent being placed on Hurricane Gilbert ) and inundations every bit good as two Caribbean districts. Jamaica and Haiti will be utilised severally. The undermentioned points will be discussed in footings of hurricane: loss of lives and homelessness. break of communities. employment ( societal impact ) procedure of money being diverted into alleviation activities and Recon struction. Gross Domestic Product ( economic impacts ) . Conversely points that will be discussed for deluging are: nutrient deficit and the taint of H2O. loss of places ( societal impacts ) and the overall impact on the economic system every bit good as aid received from foreigners ( economic impacts ) . A hurricane is a type of tropical cyclone. which is by and large formed in the Torrid Zones. This tropical cyclone is accompanied by electrical storms. heavy rainfall. implosion therapy and strong air currents. The economic and societal effects of this phenomenon are terrible. particularly in less developed Caribbean states. Haiti for illustration. A hurricane can do major loss of lives and besides homelessness. Hurricane Gilbert struck the Caribbean and the Gulf Coast of Mexico in 1988. doing comprehensive harm in Jamaica. Haiti. Guatemala. Honduras. Dominican Republic. Costa Rica. and Nicaragua. Approximately 21 lives were lossed in Jamaica during this hurricane. and it left over 400 people homeless. Crops were destroyed ; farm animal husbandmans were left to dispose of farm animate beings that were perished during the hurricane and public-service corporation poles uprooted. As a consequence of the amendss from a hurricane. unemployment can go a major societal impact. as the installations for occupations can be severely damaged. The economic impact of Hurricanes on Caribbean districts can retard development. The money that a state has. is now diverted into alleviation activities and Reconstruction of damaged belongingss. All these losingss can pass over out whatever gain that may hold been achieved in economic development. Approximately $ 4 billion was diverted into Reconstruction. when hurricane Gilbert came to Jamaica ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www. nationmaster. com/graph/dis_hur_gil_imp_imp_dam-disasters-hurricane-gilbert-impact-damage ) . Once the hazard posed by hurricanes is understood. specific extenuation steps can be taken to cut down the hazard to communities. substructure. and economic activities. Human and economic losingss can be greatly reduced through well-organized attempts to implement appropriate preventative steps. in public consciousness and in publishing timely warnings. Thankss to these steps. states in the part have experienced a drastic decrease in the figure of deceases caused by hurricanes. Extenuation steps are most cost-efficient when implemented as portion of the original program or building of vulnerable constructions. Typical illustrations are the application of edifice criterions designed for hurricane-force air currents. the turning away of countries that can be affected by storm rush or implosion therapy. and the planting of shelterbelts to protect wind-sensitive harvests. Retrofiting edifices or other undertakings to do them hurricane-resistant is more dearly-won and sometimes impossible. Once a undertaking is located in a flood-prone country. it may non be executable to travel it to safer land. The overall record on extenuation of hurricane hazard in the Caribbean and Central America is non really encouraging. Cases abound of new investings in the populace or productive sectors that were exposed to important jeopardy hazard because of inappropriate design or location. and even of undertakings that were rebuilt in the same manner on the same site after holding been destroyed a first clip. Other instances can be cited of schools and infirmaries funded with bilateral assistance that were built to plan criterions suited for the donor state but incapable of defying hurricane-strength air currents prevalent in the recipient state. The touristry sector in the Caribbean is ill-famed for its evident neglect of the hazard of hurricanes and associated jeopardies. A hotel composite built with deficient reverse from the high-water grade non merely risks being damaged by wave action and storm rush. but interferes with the normal procedures of beach formation and dune stabilisation. therefore cut downing the effectivity of a natural system of protection against wave action. After the first serious harm is incurred the proprietors of the hotel will most likely decide to reconstruct on the same site and put in a breakwater. instead than see traveling the construction to a recommended reverse. The effectivity of national exigency readiness offices of states in the part is frequently earnestly limited because of unequal institutional support and a deficit of proficient and fiscal resources. In the smaller Caribbean islands. these offices are largely one-man operations. with the individual in charge responsible for many oth er non-emergency affairs. It would be unrealistic to anticipate them to be able to move efficaciously at the local degree in instances of area-wide exigencies. such as those caused by hurricanes. It is hence indispensable to heighten the capacity of the population in little towns and small towns to fix for and respond to exigencies by their ain agencies. From 1986 through 1989. the OAS/Natural Hazards Project has worked with several Eastern Caribbean states to measure the exposure of little towns and small towns to natural jeopardies. and develop local catastrophe directors and community leaders in forming hazard appraisals and extenuation in their communities. These activities have resulted in the readying of a preparation manual with attach toing picture for usage by local leaders. This attempt has focused on lifeline networks-transportation. communications. H2O. electricity. sanitation-and critical installations related to the public assistance of the dwellers. such as infirmaries and wellness centres. schools. constabularies and fire Stationss. community installations. and exigency shelters. The balance of this chapter is dedicated to a drumhead overview of the procedure by which the leading in a little town or small town can present effectual jeopardy extenuation. D. COPING WITH HURRICANES IN SMALL TOWNS AND VILLAGES 1. Inventory of Lifeline Networks and Critical Facilities 2. Learning the Operation of Lifelines and Facilities and Their Potential for Disruption by Hurricane 3. Checking the Vulnerability of the Lifelines and Facilities through Field Inspection and Investigation 4. Establishing a Positive Working Relationship with the Agencies and Companies that Manage the Infrastructure and Services of the Community 5. Developing an Understanding of the Total Risk to the Community 6. Explicating a Extenuation Scheme The grade to which local communities can last harm and break from terrible storms and hurricanes besides depends to a big extent on how good the basic services and substructure. the common goods of the community. stand up to the air current and rain attach toing these storms. Whereas single households bear full duty for fixing their ain shelter to defy the effects of storms. they have a much more limited function in guaranting that their common services are safeguarded. yet one that can non be neglected. Non-governmental bureaus involved in low income lodging building and upgrading have developed practical and low cost steps for increasing the opposition of self-built houses to hurricane force air currents. Typical of attempts of this nature is the work performed by the Construction Resource and Development Centre ( CRDC ) in Jamaica. which produced educational stuffs and organized workshops on house and roof Reconstruction following Hurricane Gilbert. The chief duty for presenting an consciousness and concern in the community sing the

What Is A Sample Of Paper?

What Is A Sample Of Paper?What is a sample of paper? This term could very well be seen as an exhaustive list of such examples. Basically, it is the mark taken for taking paper from those available in class rooms or in the hands of exams writers and exam tutors. Hence, while every student takes it for his/her academic studies, teachers also prepare them with this sample in hand.In fact, they are also called as sample of paper because there are sample files that can be found in the course literature. Now, how could they serve as a sample? Well, they have been carefully studied and they cover many aspects, which is learning may affect the students' future studies. For this reason, a student who has finished an IB history class can expect a sample of paper as a mark for his/her subject.One thing to be noticed is that there are numerous copies of the sample in the hand of different students in different areas. It might have different names but the basic essence remains the same.The subjec t matter, whether you like it or not, will be written by an IB writer and then it has to be submitted in writing to an examiner. And the important part is that in every submission it is checked for correctness.While every student in an IB class might not get a valid mark, there are times when the teacher might not even acknowledge this point of failure. Therefore, all the students would take the sample of paper as a mark for their college or university studies.As an exercise, I would recommend that you read all the literature, specially the sample IB material before taking your IB history or IB English paper. If you are familiar with the title of the book, you may know how many students have failedin the exam or the number of such submissions that had not been acknowledged.In general, you must study the lesson points, a list of sample papers, sample question papers and the other materials, which will provide you with a taste of what you have to do in future and make it easier for yo u to enjoy your life. After all, it is important to have a positive mindset, so that you can do anything you wish to achieve.

The Indian Agriculture Sector

Agriculture is the backbone of Indian economy. It accounts for nearly 20 percent of the aggregate output. To be specific, nearly half of the population depends on agriculture for their livelihood (Government of India, 2010, p. 6). Contribution of the agricultural sector to the economy is declining, however other sectors thrive.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Indian Agriculture Sector specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For example, approximately 45 percent of the total output was obtained from the agricultural sector in the early 70s,. The figure has dropped to less than 20 percent in the last decade. Nonetheless, agriculture still remains a significant source of employment for many Indians. It provides jobs to over half of the country’s population (Government of India, 2010, p. 12). The dwindling agricultural production has led to a decrease in agricultural exports and an increase in agricultural import s. The ratio of agricultural exports to the total exports dropped to 10 percent in 2010 compared to 20 percent in the early ’90s. On the other hand, the ratio of agricultural imports to the aggregate imports grew by approximately 6.6 percent in the last three decades (Government of India, 2010, p. 13). The decrease in agricultural production and the increase in agricultural imports have been a cause of major concern. Hot debates didn’t provide any solution to the problem, as well as small reforms. situation deteriorated which led to introduction of the next five-year plan. As a result, the government came up with a five-year plan, which solely targets the agricultural sector. The five-year plan is aimed at reversing the disturbing trend in the sector. The five-year plan puts emphasis on the country’s self-sufficiency and self-reliance in the food production (Vaidyanathan, 2010, p. 9; Government of India, 2013, p. 5). This paper explores the impact of the 11th fi ve-year plan on India’s agricultural sector, particularly in promoting local food production and economy stability. 11TH  Five Year Plans (2007-2011) As the country’s population keeps growing, the nation needed to enhance its food production to take care of the ever-increasing demand. Given the significance of the agricultural sector to the economy, the government introduced the 11th five-year plan to provide support and incentives to farmers and other stakeholders in order to enhance production of food (Government of India, 2013, p. 5).Advertising Looking for essay on agriculture? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There are four principal elements of this policy. The first element is enhancement of viability of agricultural operations by increasing market access, availing insurance cover, and monitoring agricultural commodity prices (IBEF, 2013, p. 7). The second element is provision of suitable technologies thr ough research and training. The third element is increase of budgetary allocation for agriculture and its infrastructure so as to improve efficient use of natural resources and of agricultural commodity markets functioning. Last but not least is provision of better delivery of services, for instance, loans to farmers, veterinary services and general farm inputs. In a nutshell, the 11th five-year plan was aimed at increasing food production by providing special programs and building agricultural infrastructure (IBEF, 2013, p. 7). The Impact of the 11th Five-Year Plan on the economy and local food production Figure 1 below shows India’s GDP growth rate over the last ten years. It is clear that between 1997 and 2007 the real agricultural output was decreasing, whereas the non-agricultural output was increasing. The ratio of agricultural GDP to the total GDP was very low during that period. This forced the government to reconsider its policy on food production, hence to introduce the 11th five-year plan (Central Statistics Office, 2011, p. 44). The 11th five-year program introduced the National Food Security Mission (NFSM), which significantly increased production of cereals in the country. The principal goal of the National Food Security Mission was to establish scientific elements which incorporate mechanization, soil supplements and crop security measures (Government of India, 2013, p. 6). The 11th five-year plan helped to attain 3.2 percent agricultural GDP growth. Even though the figure was below the projected value of 4 percent, it was significantly better than the figures under the previous policies (Central Statistics Office, 2011, p. 45). Figure 1: Agriculture and Non-Agriculture GDP Growth Rate in India in the Last DecadeAdvertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Indian Agriculture Sector specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Source: (Central Statistics Office, 2011) Before the introduc tion of the 11th five-year plan, the share of acreage of agricultural lands decreased by approximately 20 million hectares. Similarly, the area under food grains shrank by 10 percent. The lowest production was recorded in 2008. However, the introduction of new technologies under the 11th five-year plan led to 80 percent increase in acreage of agricultural lands. The production of rice, wheat and maize increased significantly, followed by pulses on the second place. Under the 11th five-year plan, food grain output increased by 2.3 percent (Central Statistics Office, 2011, p. 45). Generally, Indian agribusiness is characterized by diminutive and divided area holdings. There are around 130 million active holdings in the country. On average, each active holding possesses approximately 1.2 hectares. Less than 1 percent own more than 10 hectares (Sharma, 2011, p. 6). Before the introduction of the 11th five-year plan, the overall productivity among the smallholder producers was exceedingl y low. Their participation in the market was poor because of such reasons as high transaction costs, low yields, inadequate information and small market consumption. In addition, increased land fragmentation led to big losses on farmlands. As a result, many farmers opted to lease their lands or seek gainful employment outside the agricultural sector (IBEF, 2013, p. 5). The introduction of the 11th five-year plan brought some positive results. The 11th five-year plan supported the formation of cooperatives and self-help groups. The cooperatives and self-help groups not only helped farmers to access credit facilities, but also to market their products. The government increased access to loan facilities by providing interest-free loans and subsidized inputs.Advertising Looking for essay on agriculture? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For this reason, many Indians went back to farming (IBEF, 2013, p. 6). By the end of 2012, cultivation areas had increased by 8 million hectares. The government also introduced other support programs through the 11th five-year plan, such as water for canal irrigation, power for groundwater pumping, retention price subsidy scheme for fertilizers, and access to the international market (IBEF, 2013, p. 7). According to the IBEF (2013, p. 7), the main objective of the 11th five-year plan was to increase the production of food grains by 20 million tons. The government allocated roughly 900 million U.S. dollars for the project. There are four main achievements of the 11th five-year plan for the first year according to the National Food Security Mission (NFSM). The first achievement was a 70 million tons to over 90 million tons increase of wheat production. The second achievement was a 90 million tons to over 110 million tons increase of rice production. The third achievement was an 80 mil lion tons to over 100 million tons increase of maize production. And the last was a 13 million tons to over 15 million tons increase of pulse production (IBEF, 2013, p. 7). Figure 2 below highlights the growth rate of land, labor and capital output based on the agricultural GDP index. Even though the productivity growth rate in the agricultural sector has always been low, averaging 2 percent per year, during the 11th five-year plan it reached 5 percent. This was the highest figure recorded in the country’s history. The closest was 3 percent, which was recorded in 1981. As a matter of fact, the Commission of Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP) estimated the growth rate of real wages in the agricultural sector at 8 percent per annum during the period (Government of India, 2013, p. 9). Figure 2: Growth Rate of Land, Labor and Capital Output Source: (Government of India, 2013, p. 9) The introduction of the scientific elements, for instance, labor saving mechanization led to the rapid increase of private investment in the agricultural sector. This is attributed to the country’s rigid labor laws and the ever-increasing wages (Shiva, 2013, p. 2). Although mechanization helped farmers to deal with labor challenges, it caused a sharp decline in capital productivity. Even though moderated by gains from trade deals and debt cancellation, long-term investment in the agricultural sector may be unsustainable due to deteriorating capital productivity (Shiva, 2013, p. 3). The 12th five-year plan (2012-2017), which is basically a continuation of the 11th five-year plan also emphasizes increase of food grains production. The two plans (11th and 12th five-year plans) recognize the fact that self-sufficiency in food production can only be attained by increasing the production of staple foods. In India, food security is inextricably linked to food grains. Therefore, the debates on food shortages are concentrated on rice, wheat, maize and pulses (Sharma Dinesh, 201 1, p. 30). 12th five-year plan is also expected to produce high results and solve a lot of food problems in India. The 11th five-year plan helped substantially to make India a food sufficient country, despite the rapid growth of population. In other words, India is currently food secure due to the 11th five-year plan (IBEF, 2013, p. 9). Conclusion Agriculture in India is both a source of food and livelihood. In addition, the sector is very important to the country’s economy. However, the period between 1997 and 2007 was characterized by low agricultural productivity and high levels of food shortage. This forced the Indian government to spend a large amount of money on food import. On the other hand, the ratio of agricultural imports to the aggregate imports grew by approximately 6.6 percent in the last three decades regardless of the initiated key reforms in the agricultural sector. However, the reform programs were ineffective. This led to the introduction of the 11th five-y ear plan, which was aimed at making India a food-secure country through the production of food grains. The plan significantly helped reverse the situation. As a matter of fact, the 12th five-year plan, which runs up to 2017, is just a continuation of the 11th five-year plan. The 12th five-year plan also aims at increasing the production of food grains, which are staples in India. References Central Statistics Office 2011, Revised Estimates of Annual National Income 2010-11 and Quarterly Estimates of Gross Domestic Product, 2010-11, Central Statistics Office, New Delhi. Government of India 2010, Agricultural Statistics at a Glance 2010. Web. Government of India 2013, Twelfth Five Year Plan (2012-2017): Economic Sectors, Department of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance, New Delhi. IBEF 2013, The Indian Agriculture Sector: Investments, Growth and Prospects, India Brand Equity Foundation, New Delhi. Sharma, VP Dinesh, J 2011, High Value Agriculture in India: past Trends and Future P rospects. Web. Sharma, VP 2011, India’s Agricultural Development under the New Economic Regime: Policy Perspective and Strategy for the 12th Five Year Plan, Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad. Shiva, V 2013, Agricultural Sector in India. Web. Vaidyanathan, A 2010, Agriculture Growth in India: Role of Technology, Incentives and  Institutions, Oxford University Press, New York. This essay on The Indian Agriculture Sector was written and submitted by user Lilia Ramos to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Gun Control Essay Essay Example

Gun Control Essay Essay Example Gun Control Essay Essay Gun Control Essay Essay Essay Topic: Gun Control Abstraction Some grounds why colleges should look at the Torahs that they put in topographic point and attempt to alter them. Students should hold the right to hide arms on college campuses. The guns provide the protection that may be necessary in certain state of affairss. Like the Virginia Tech Shooting. many people could hold been saved if merely one individual had a gun. Having a gun gives a sense of safety to many people on the campus. particularly for adult females with a greater hazard of interlopers and rapers. For these adult females. cognizing that they have a manner to support themselves can put their heads to ease. Though some believe that the allowance of guns would increase force on campus. no other college that has allowed concealed pieces has had an issue. Another refering issue would be that holding guns on campus would be easier for pupils to perpetrate self-destruction ; there are merely some things in life that governments can non command. and that is one of them. The right t o hold a concealed arm on campus should be conveyed freely. : Position Paper – Legalize Concealed Weapons on College Campuses Liberty senior. Craig Storrs. says. â€Å"It makes me experience unafraid knowing I would be able to support myself if something does go on. like Virginia Tech or if I get stopped on the street for a mugging or something like that† ( Barry. 2011 ) . The subject of legalising hidden arms on college campuses has been argued for many old ages. Some colleges have legalized concealed arms on campus and have non had jobs. but many will non even think about legalising hidden arms. Transporting a hidden arm at the age of 21 is a right including a college campus. because it offers protection and safety to pupils ( Students for concealed. 2008 ) . Background of Concealed Weapons on College Campuses Since the Virginia Tech hiting. many colleges have changed their on-campus Torahs refering pieces. In eight provinces. the statute law is sing if pupils and staff would be able to transport a hidden arm into college edifices. Many functionaries did non desire to hold another repetition the Virginia Tech hiting. Two old ages before the Virginia Tech shot. the lawgivers of Texas rejected a measure to let hidden arms onto college campuses. Since so. the measure has come back with better statements for the right to hold a concealed arm on college campuses. Corey Zipper. a 21 year-old psychological science major. went to the province capitol to speak to the functionaries to go through the measure. Corey Zipper stated. â€Å"We acquire the mature thing a batch – that college pupils aren’t mature adequate. And the alcohol thing – that we’re all merely boozed up all the time† ( Burnett. 2011 ) . He besides states that the jurisprudence states that â€Å"a individual much be 21 old ages old. hold a clean record and no psychiatric upsets. and take a 10-hour direction class that includes clip at a fire range† ( Burnett. 2011 ) . In 2009 Texas passed the measure to legalise holding a hidden arm on college campus ( Burnett. 2011 ) . It Gives Protection Leting pupils to transport a gun could salvage their lives. Life can be unpredictable. so when something happens people should be prepared. If by being prepared agencies they need to transport a gun. so why would the province privation to take that right from person? A individual has the right to protect his/herself and others. and a responsible piece proprietor would make such. Many lives could be saved by the simple action of leting hidden arms on college campuses ( Concealed Guns. 2011 ) . Background of Virginia Tech Shooting On April 16. 2007. Seung-Hui Cho. pupil at Virginia Tech. began his hiting about 7:15 A. M. in a coeducational residence hall. He foremost killed Emily Hilsher and Ryan Clark. The Virginia Tech Police Chief said. â€Å"We secured the edifice. we secured the offense scene† ( Caruso. n. d. ) . The governments did non set the college on lock down and had categories as schedualed. Seung-Hui Cho did non go forth the campus ; around 9:15 A. M. he started to kill once more. He went into the technology and scientific discipline edifice and chained the doors so no 1 could get away. He so went into schoolroom after schoolroom ; he killed 25 more pupils and five module members. Twenty-nine people were wounded. In the terminal Cho besides took his life ( Caruso. n. d. ) . It was reported that 19 of the 32 victims that were killed were over the age of 21. The age of 21 is the legal age for the right to hide a arm in Virginia. If these pupils would hold been able to transport a piece onto campus. so possibly these lives could hold been saved. Alternatively of 33 lives taken that twenty-four hours. there should hold been one. Innocent people would non hold died ( Students for concealed. 2008 ) . Concealed Weapons Should non Depend on Location It is stated in the Constitution that a individual has the right to bear weaponries at the age of 21. This jurisprudence does non give specific topographic points that are prohibited. Peoples should non hold to set their concealed arm off because of where they are ( The Right to Keep and Bear Arms. 1982 ) . Public Places Peoples can Transport Weapons Though colleges are little. some topographic points that allow concealed arms are smaller. When a individual goes to the films. they are allowed to transport a hidden arm. No 1 would of all time cognize because the arm is concealed. Other topographic points would include a shopping promenade. When people are shopping. the last thing they are believing is that the people next to them might hold a gun on them ( Students for concealed. 2008 ) . Make College Students Feel Safer The right to hide a arm could set some pupils at easiness. Knowing that they have a manner to salvage themselves in unsafe state of affairss may do the pupils more relaxed. If a pupil comes across a unsafe state of affairs. so they are prepared. These pupils do non hold to worry about what to make ( Marin. 2012 ) . College Intruders and Rapers It is easy for interlopers to acquire into residence halls. In New York. two work forces got into a edifice by mousing in behind another cat after he swiped his card. When the college constabulary were called they came and took the work forces without naming the bulls. If this were to go on once more. these work forces would be taken to the governments. Knowing that it is easy for unusual people to acquire into lodging. it non be a good thought to rob pupils the right to hold a concealed arm. This would give some pupils that okay to populate life and other the demand of protection that they might non be able to happen anywhere else ( Rearick. 2011 ) . One in four adult females have the opportunity of being raped in college. Guns could assist support so many different adult females. They could hold gotten out of the state of affairs if they merely had a manner of defence. Sometimes adult females are physically excessively weak to run from state of affairss like that and the allowance of a gun would supply that chance to them ( College Crime Today. n. d. ) . Counterargument: Guns on Campus Would Promote Violence . â€Å"Some professors might be afraid to publish bad classs if they know that pupils could be transporting guns† ( Students for concealed. 2008 ) . Some people believe that leting pupil to transport pieces would force them to be violent. If the pupils are allowed to transport pieces. so they will non be afraid to utilize them. If there was an statement with another pupil. so these pupils would be tempted to utilize the gun to frighten or even harm the other pupil ( Students for concealed. 2008 ) . Logical Response: Guns on Campus Would non Promote Violence There has been over 30 colleges campuses that have allowed concealed arms on their campuses. These campuses have had no issues with gun force. and at that place has non been a gun larceny or accident in all these old ages. This shows that it is a possibility to transport conceal arms and still acquire a great instruction with no distraction with no force. Studies show. â€Å"concealed handgun licence holders are five times less likely than non-license holders to perpetrate violent crimes† ( Students for concealed. 2008 ) . Counterargument: Guns on Campus Would Encourage Suicide Some believe that leting pupils to obtain pieces would increase the likelihood self-destruction. They would hold all the resources they need now that they are able to transport hidden pieces. This would do it easier for these pupils to perpetrate self-destruction without anyone knowing until after the fact. This would so increase the suicide Numberss dramatically. Leting a pupil to transport a piece that could potentially utilize to kill themselves is non the manner to assist ( Students for concealed. 2008 ) . Logical Response: Guns on Campus Would non Encourage Suicide Harmonizing to investigators. â€Å"Studies show that 90 % of self-destructions are committed in the home† ( Students for concealed. 2008 ) . Since the legal age to have a hidden arm is 21. most pupils at this age live off campus. This would non impact the Numberss every bit much as the colleges think it would. If people truly wanted to perpetrate self-destruction. so nil would stand in their manner. Leting them to hide a gun will merely give them an easier manner out ( Students for concealed. 2008 ) . Decision During the Virginia Tech Shooting many lives could hold been saved. Students could besides experience safer cognizing that they have something at that place to protect themselves and others if needed. Though pupils could turn to violence many are really responsible to be transporting this gun in the first topographic point. They merely can non acquire a gun ; they have to travel through the procedure. Another concern would be suicide. but since most of the pupils live off campus anyhow nil would halt that. It would be a lost cause to set a prohibition on hidden arms when there is nil to forestall self-destruction in the first topographic point. Once the right preparation categories are taken. it should non be a job for a individual to be able to transport his/her gun that he/she worked difficult to acquire and paid for. The right to hold a concealed arm on campus should be expressed freely. MentionsBarry. L. ( 2011 ) . Liberty university oks concealed guns on campus. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www2. newsadvance. com/news/2011/nov/16/5/liberty-university-oks-concealed-guns-campus-ar-1463719/ . Burnett. J. ( 2011 ) . Texas Lawmakers purpose for guns on college campuses. Retreieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. npr. org/2011/02/04/133466058/texas-lawmakers-aim-for-guns-on-college-campuses. Caruso. K. ( n. d. ) . What Happened: The Virginia Tech Massacure. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. virginiatechmassacre. com/what-happened-virginia-tech-massacre. hypertext markup language. College Crime Today. ( n. d. ) Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. womens-self-defense-instruction-online. com/college-crime. hypertext markup language. Concealed guns. ( 2011 ) . Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //concealedguns. procon. org/ . Frantz. A. ( 2011 ) . Texas sing concealed pistols on campus. Retrieved from hyperte xt transfer protocol: //news. web logs. cnn. com/2011/02/22/texas-weighing-concealed-handguns-on-campus/ . Marin. J. ( 2012 ) . Guns on college campuses. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //schoolsofthought. web logs. cnn. com/2012/01/03/guns-on-college-campuses/ . Rearick. J. ( 2011 ) . Intruders spark safety concerns. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. miscellanynews. com/2. 1576/intruders-spark-safety-concerns-1. 2660011 # . TxkPxJit-fQ. Students for hidden carry on campus. ( 2008 ) . Retrieved

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 12

Marketing - Essay Example Marketing is a particularly fundamental function for strategy formulation in a business. It informs a strategy, counsels it, reviews it and provides insights into strategy formulation in an organization. An outstanding marketing department is involved in a continuous cycle of measure-analyze-plan-measure. This cycle is as well a key ingredient of strategic business management function. Therefore, in essence, marketing is a key element of strategic management function. Great marketing can help the company in identifying and addressing improvement strategies to customers in either product differentiation or distribution channels (Kotler et al 2009). For example, forecasting is part of strategic planning, sales and marketing forecasts as always the main tools used in budgeting for the marketing function. In marketing research, the Research and Development personnel are essential for effective results analyses and interpretation. Kotler et al (2009), the chief aim of strategic planning i s promoting the discernment of the company in the minds of the customers and consequently to increase customer relation and profitability of the business. Business strategic planning has to be undertaken to ensure the evaluation of all the options in a given situation. In such considerations, only the marketing function and research and development function are involved in result oriented research for improvement of service to the customer. Marketing Function versus Other Organizational Functions The marketing function of a business is the process that combines the product with pricing, promotion and distribution to reach the respective customers or end users. Marketing is one of the most significant functions of a business since it has a direct impact on sales and profitability of the business as well as customer relation. Because of this importance, the marketing function has a greater interrelation with other business functions like finance, accounting, production, research and d evelopment, technology, procurement and human resource among others. Building a profitable customer relationship in the marketing function requires interaction with the other business functions (Kotler et al 2009). I. Finance and marketing Every marketing plan always includes a primary financial dimension. Key aspects of a marketing planning and control are budgeting and profitability analysis. These issues require high resolution on significant financial issues like the definition of profits (e.g. Returns to equity or returns to investment) and determination on the appropriate controls for such profits (e.g. Taxes or inventory evaluation). All marketing decisions are investment decisions aiming at profitable customer relation hence adequate financial information is significant. Nevertheless, marketing is essential for the finance department since the information generated from marketing is used in financial analysis and forecasting (Kotler et al 2009). For example, the marketing te am in organization utilizes the annual company financial reports and other financial documents to help them with budgeting. This helps to reduce duplication of work in the marketing team for employing financial personnel since the financial personnel are already available in the company. The marketing team is, therefore, able to apply financial performance indicators to their relevant respective market segments to ensure that they always remain relevant to customers. II.